Getachew Tekle
Work as a lecturer at Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Title: Modeling Time to Death of HIV Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in case of Hossana Queen Elleni Mohammad Memorial Hospital, South Ethiopia
Biography
Biography: Getachew Tekle
Abstract
The main aim of this study was modeling the factors that affect survival time of HIV infected patients by using Cox ph and parametric survival regression models. The analytical methodologies were used the Kaplan-Meier and Log Rank Test to estimate Descriptive analysis, Cox’s regression model was employed to identify the covariates that have a statistical significant effect on the survival time of HIV infected patients and exponential, weibull, log logistic and lognormal survival regression models were applied to compare efficiency of the models. The overall mean estimated survival time of patients was 51.5 months. The Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model result revealed that baseline weight, ART adherence, baseline CD4 count, WHO clinical stage, level of education, substance use and TB co-infection of patients are the major factors that affect significantly survival time of HIV infected patients. Among the parametric regression models, based on model Comparison methods, the Weibull regression model is better
fit. The Weibull regression model results revealed that baseline weight<50 kg, low CD4 count at baseline, no education, WHO stages III and IV, poor ART adherence, co-infection with TB and
substance abuse are the categories that reduce the survival probability of HIV infected patients.
Background of the study:
A pattern of highly unusual infection in otherwise healthy young adults emerged in the early 1980s in the United States of America. This pattern or clusters of diseases that appeared in those whose immune system being attacked came to be called Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Between the 1983 and 1994 a new virus called Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) has been identified as a cause of AIDS (UNAIDS, 2005). Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). People are said to be HIV positive when the HIV antibody is detected in their blood. HIV attacks and destroys certain types of white blood cells that are essential to body's immune system, the biological ability of the human body to fight infections.HIV infects primarily vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (to be specific, CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells that are necessary to activate B-lymphocytes and induce the production of antibodies. The infected person becomes susceptible to a wide range of opportunistic infections, such as tuberculosis and Pneumocistic Carinii Pnemonia, and rare cancer such as Caposis Sarcoma (WHO, 2007). From the total number of people who have died due to HIV/AIDS in 2006 alone was 88,997 and in 2007 it was estimated that 71,902 people would die (FMOH, 2007). In 2010, AIDS related death is expected to decline to 28,073. which might be as a result of ART. Currently an estimated